1. College of Computer and Data Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116; 2. Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence of Ministry of Education, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002; 3. Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116; 4. School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK; 5. Department of Computer Science, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
Abstract：By integrating subgraph learning and federated learning, federated subgraph learning achieves collaborative learning of subgraph information across multiple clients while protecting data privacy. However, due to different data collection methods of clients, graph data typically exhibits the non-independent and identically distributed(Non-IID) characteristics. Meanwhile, there are significant differences in the structure and features of local graph data across clients. These factors lead to difficult convergence and poor generalization during the training of federated subgraph learning. To solve these problems, a personalized federated subgraph learning framework with embedding alignment and parameter activation(FSL-EAPA) is proposed. First, the personalized model aggregation is performed based on the similarity between clients to reduce the interference of Non-IID data on the overall model performance. Next,the parameter selective activation is introduced during model updates to handle the heterogeneity of subgraph structural features. Finally, the updated client models are utilized to provide positive and negative clustering representations for local node embeddings to aggregate the local nodes with the same class. Thus, FSL-EAPA can fully learn feature representations of nodes, and thereby better adapts to the heterogeneous data distributions across different clients. Experiments on real-world benchmark graph datasets validate the effectiveness of FSL-EAPA. The results show that FSL-EAPA achieves higher classification accuracy under various scenarios.
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2025, Vol. 38 
