Abstract:Virtual characters are widely used in e-education, cartoon games and e-commerce. However, the current emotion design for virtual characters is still in a handwork stage and needs a large amount of manpower. The behaviors of most virtual characters are simple and unbelievable. Based on psychology theory and ortony, clore, collins (OCC) model, the architecture of a virtual character is presented and a formalization of a virtual characters motivation is proposed. A virtual characters emotion state is driven by a set of fuzzy productive rules for emotion decision. Emotion intensities are calculated by a fuzzy inference system. The experimental result shows that the emotion model enhances the efficacy of friend interfaces for education software,and makes a virtual character behave more humanlike.
刘箴,何少华,柴艳杰. 一种虚拟角色的情绪认知评价模型[J]. 模式识别与人工智能, 2011, 24(2): 160-167.
LIU Zhen, He Shao-Hua, Chai Yan-Jie. An Emotion Cognitive Appraisal Model for Virtual Characters. , 2011, 24(2): 160-167.
[1] Tu Xiaoyuan, Terzopoulos D. Artificial Fishes: Physics, Locomotion, Perception, Behavior // Proc of the 21st Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. Orlando, USA, 1994: 43-50 [2] Funge J, Tu Xiaoyuan, Terzopoulos D. Cognitive Modeling: Knowledge, Reasoning and Planning for Intelligent Pedestrians // Proc of the 26th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. Los Angeles, USA, 1999: 29-38 [3] Rogers P L, Berg G A, Boettecher J V, et al. Encyclopedia of Distance Learning. 2nd Edition. London, UK: Idea Group Reference, 2009 [4] Maslow A H. Motivation and Personality. New York, USA: Harper, 1970 [5] Strongman K T. The Psychology of Emotion. 5th Edition. Chichester, UK: John WileySons, 2003 [6] Rickel J, Marsella S, Gratch J, et al. Toward a New Generation of Virtual Humans for Interactive Experiences. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 2002, 17(4): 32-37 [7] Marsella S, Gratch J. EMA: A Model of Emotional Dynamics. Journal of Cognitive Systems Research, 2009, 10(1): 70-90 [8] Ortony A, Clore G L, Collins A. The Cognitive Structure of Emotions. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1988 [9] Picard R W. Affective Computing. Cambridge, USA: MIT Press, 1997 [10] Arellano D, Varona J, Perales F J. Generation and Visualization of Emotional States in Virtual Characters. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, 2008, 19(3/4): 259-270 [11] Aylett R, Louchart S, Dias J, et al. Unscripted Narrative for Affectively Driven Characters. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 2006, 26(3): 42-52 [12] Eisman E M, Lópeza V, Castroa J L. Controlling the Emotional State of An Embodied Conversational Agent with a Dynamic Probabilistic Fuzzy Rules Based System. Expert Systems with Applications, 2009, 36(6): 9698-9708 [13] Shi Zhongzhi. Advanced Intelligence. 2nd Edition. Beijing: Science Press, 2006 (in Chinese) (史忠植.高级人工智能.第2版.北京:科学出版社, 2006) [14] Zhou Changle. New Concise Brain Computing. Beijing, China: Tsinghua University Press, 2003 (in Chinese) (周昌乐.新脑计算举要.北京:清华大学出版社, 2003) [15] Li Wei. Mathematical Logic—Elementary Principle and Calculus Formalization. Beijing, China: Science Press, 2007 (in Chinese) (李未.数理逻辑——基本原理与形式演算.北京: 科学出版社, 2007) [16] He Xingui. The Theory and Technology on Fuzzy Knowledge Management. Beijing, China: National Defense Industry Press, 1998 (in Chinese) (何新贵.模糊知识处理的理论与技术.北京:国防工业出版社, 1998) [17] Lu Ruqian, Zhang Songmao. From Story to Animation—Full Life Cycle Computer Aided Animation Generation. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2002, 28(3): 321-348 (in Chinese) (陆汝钤,张松懋.从故事到动画片——全过程计算机辅助动画自动生成.自动化学报, 2002, 28(3): 321-348) [18] Zhuang Yueting, Pan Yunhe, Xiao Jun. A Modern Approach to Intelligent Animation:Theory and Practice. Hangzhou, China: Zhejiang University Press, 2008 (in Chinese) (庄越挺,潘云鹤,肖 俊.智能动画的现代方法: 理论和实践.杭州:浙江大学出版社, 2008) [19] Tao Jianhua, Tan Tieniu. Digitalization of Humans Emotion. PC world, 2004, 1: 29-32 (in Chinese) (陶建华,谭铁牛.数字化人类情感, 微电脑世界, 2004, 1: 29-32) [20] Wang Zhiliang. Artificial Psychology and Artificial Emotion. CAAI Trans on Intelligent Systems, 2006, 1(1): 38-43 (in Chinese) (王志良.人工心理与人工情感.智能系统学报, 2006, 1(1): 38-43) [21] Liu Ye,Tao Linmi, Fu Xiaolan.The Analysis of PAD Emotional State Model Based on Emotion Pictures. Journal of Image and Graphics, 2009, 14(5): 753-758 (in Chinese) (刘 烨,陶霖密,傅小兰.基于情绪图片的PAD情感状态模型分析.中国图象图形学报, 2009, 14(5), 753-758) [22] Liu Zhen, Pan Zhigeng. Research on Motivation-Driven Based Autonomous Emotion Model for Virtual Human. Journal of Image and Graphics, 2009, 14(5): 773-781 (in Chinese) (刘 箴,潘志庚.虚拟人动机驱动的自主情绪模型研究.中国图象图形学报, 2009, 14(5): 773-781)