|
|
Mahalanobis Distance Measurement Based Locally Linear Embedding Algorithm |
ZHANG Xing-Fu1,2, HUANG Shao-Bin1 |
1.College of Computer Science and Technology,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001 2.Heilongjiang Province Economical Research Institute of State Farm,Harbin 150090 |
|
|
Abstract Euclidean distance is normally used to measure the similarity between samples in locally linear embedding algorithm(LLE). But for some high dimensional data, such as images, Euclidean distance can not accurately reflect the similarity between samples. A Mahalanobis distance metric based locally linear embedding algorithm (MLLE) is proposed. Firstly, MLLE ascertains a Mahalanobis metric from the existing samples. Then, the Mahalanobis metric is used to choose neighborhoods and to reduce the dimensionality of the existing samples and the new samples. The comparison result of MLLE algorithm and some classical manifold based algorithms on ORL and USPS databases proves that MLLE algorithm is effective in recognizing images.
|
Received: 16 November 2010
|
|
|
|
|
[1] Turk M,Pentland A.Eigenfaces for Recognition.Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience,1991,3(1): 71-86 [2] Belhumeur P N,Hespanha J P,Kriegman D J.Eigenfaces vs.Fisherfaces-Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection.IEEE Trans on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1997,19(7): 711-720 [3] Hyvarinen A.Survey on Independent Component Analysis.Neural Computing Surveys,1999,2(1): 94-128 [4] Tenenbaum J B,de Silva V,Langford J C.A Global Geometric Framework for Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction.Science,2000,290(5500): 2319-2323 [5] Roweis S T,Saul L K.Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction by Locally Linear Embedding.Science,2000,290(5500): 2323-2326 [6] Belkin M,Niyogi P.Laplacian Eigenmaps for Dimension Reduction and Data Representation.Neural Computation,2001,15(6): 1373-1396 [7] Zhang Zhenyue,Zha Hongyuan.Principal Manifolds and Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction via Tangent Space Alignment.Journal of Shanghai University,2004,8(4): 406-424 [8] Donoho D L,Grimes C.Hessian Eigenmaps: New Locally Linear Embedding Techniques for High-Dimensional Data.Proc of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences,2003,100(10): 5591-5596 [9] Wang Liwei,Zhang Yan,Feng Jufu.On the Euclidean Distance of Images.IEEE Trans on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,2005,27(8): 1334-1339 [10] Zhang Lijing,Wang Ning.Locally Linear Embedding Based on Image Euclidean Distance // Proc of the IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics.Jinan,China,2007: 1914-1918 [11] Zhou Changyin,Chen Yanqiu.Improving Nearest Neighbor Classification with Cam Weighted Distance.Pattern Recognition,2006,39(4): 635-645 [12] Pan Yaozhang,Ge S S,Ai Mamun A A.Weighted Locally Linear Embedding for Dimension Reduction.Pattern Recognition,2009,42(5): 798-811 [13] de Ridder D,Kouropteva O,Okun O,et al.Supervised Locally Linear Embedding // Proc of the Joint International Conference ICANN/ICONIP.Istanbul,Turkey,2003: 333-341 [14] Zhang Shiqing.Enhanced Supervised Locally Linear Embedding.Pattern Recognition Letters,2009,30(13): 1208-1218 [15] Chang Hong,Yeung D Y.Robust Locally Linear Embedding.Pattern Recognition,2006,39(6): 1053-1065 [16] Hadid A,Pietikainen M.Efficient Locally Linear Embeddings of Imperfect Manifolds // Proc of the 3rd International Conference on Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition.Leipzig,Germany,2003: 188-201 [17] Ge S S,Guan Feng,Pan Yaozhang,et al.Neighborhood Linear Embedding for Intrinsic Structure Discovery.Machine Vision and Applications,2008,21(3): 391-401 [18] Saul L K,Roweis S T.Think Globally,Fit Locally: Unsupervised Learning of Low Dimensional Manifolds.Journal of Machine Learning Research,2004,4(2): 119-155 [19] Kouropteva O,Okun O,Matti P.Incremental Locally Linear Embedding.Pattern Recognition,2005,38(10): 1764-1767 [20] He Xiaofei,CAI Deng,Yan Shuicheng,et al.Neighborhood Preserving Embedding // Proc of the 10th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision.Beijing,China,2005: 1208-1213 [21] He Xiaofei,Niyogi P.Locality Preserving Projections // Schlkope B,Platt J,Hofmann T,eds.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems.Cambridge,USA: MIT Press,2004,XVI: 153-160 [22] Chen Sibao,Zhao Haifei,Kong Min,et al.2D-LPP: A Two-Dimensional Extension of Locality Preserving Projections.Neurocomputing,2007,70(4/5/6): 912-921 [23] Hu Dewen,Feng Guiyu,Zhou Zongtan.Two-Dimensional Locality Preserving Projections (2DLPP) with Its Application to Palmprint Recognition.Pattern Recognition,2007,40(1): 339-342 [24] Pan Xub,Ruan Qiuqi.Palmprint Recognition with Improved Two-Dimensional Locality Preserving Projections.Image and Vision Computing,2008,26(9): 1261-1268 [25] Gao Quanxue,Xu Hui,Li Yiying,et al.Two-Dimensional Supervised Local Similarity and Diversity Projection.Pattern Recognition,2010,43(10): 3359-3363 [26] Xiang Shiming,Nie Feiping,Zhang Changshui.Learning a Mahalanobis Distance Metric for Data Clustering and Classification.Pattern Recognition,2008,41(12): 3600-3612 [27] Varini C,Degenhard A,Nattkemper T W.ISOLLE: LLE with Geodesic Distance.Neurocomputing,2006,69(13/14/15): 1768-1771 |
|
|
|